Sunday, November 1, 2015

What: Apulu (Apollo of Veii). Painted terracotta, 5' 11" high. Part of a group depicting a Greek myth. Depicting one of the 12 labors of of Herakles. (6-4 pg 166)
Who: Distinctly Etruscan
Where: from the roof of the Portonaccio temple, Veii, Italy
When: ca. 510-500 BCE   

What: Exekias, Achillies battling Penthesilea, queen of the Amazons. Achilles killing Penthesilea. (5- 20A pg 118)
Who: Athenian named Exekias invented technique
When: ca. 540- 530 BCE
What: Interior of the Tomb of the Shields and Chairs terracotta statues may have "sat" in the chairs cut out of the bed rock. (6- 8 pg 169)
Who: Wealthy Etruscan Families
Where: Banditaccia, necropolis, Cerveteri, Italy
When: ca.550- 500 BCE
Why are they used: Etruscan bury their dead in subterranean rooms


What: Aule Metele (Arringatore). Life size bronze statue wearing the short toga and high boots- a Roman magistrate. 5' 7" high. (6- 18 pg. 174)
Who: Etruscan artist
When: Early first century BCE
Where: Museo Archeologico Nazionale, Florence.
 
What: Capitoline Wolf, bronze statue of the 2' 71/2" high she wolf that nursed the infants Romulus and Remus, founders of Rome. As an adult the brothers quarreled and Romulus killed Remus and founded Rome on Apr 21st 753 BCE (6-12 pg 171)
Who: Etruscan artist
When: ca. 500- 480 BCE
Where: Rome, Italy
What: Fibula with Orientaizing lions, 1' 1/2" high. gold pin. (6- 2 pg 165)Who: Etruscan artist combining repousse and granulation
Which: the lions are Egyptian and the motifs are Mesopotamian

Why: Lions are motifs borrowed from the orient
When: ca. 650- 640 BCE
Where: From the Regolini- Galassi Tomb, Sorbo necropolis, Cerveteri, Italy

What: Model of a typical Etruscan temple. 6-3, pg. 164
Who:Model described by Vitruvius a Roman architect 
When: 6th century BCE
Where:Rome
Why: Etruscan temple differed from the Greek temple because it had three cellas- one for each of their main gods: Tinia, Uni, & Menrva. Inspired by the Greek Doric prototypes the Etruscan religious architecture out weighed the similarities. The Etruscan temperament always manifested itself.
How: Unlike Greek Doric columns the Tuscan columns were made of wood, unfluted, and had bases. Also widely spaced columns only on the front, and frequently had three cellas - one for each of the three gods: Tinia, Uni, and Menrva. They normally placed life-size narrative terracotta statuary on the roof.


What: Porta Marzia (Gate of Mars)fig. 6-15 pg. 173
Who: Etruscans of Perugia  
Where: Perugia, Italy 
When: 2nd century BCE
How: The Etruscans, and later the Romans, often constructed arches, consisting of a series of trapezoidal voussoirs held in place by being pressed against each other. The central voussoir is called the keystone. The use of pilasters to frame the rounded opening is an adaptation of the Greek motifs.
Why: This display's Roman deities of Jupitor and his twin sons whom turned the tide of the war in favor of the Romans. Triumphal arches became Roman practice. 

What: Chalchas examining a liver. This is an engraved Bronze mirror, part of a Ficoroni Cista set. These sets consisted of a cylindrical container for women's toiletry articles and a mirror. fig 6-14A pg 173
Who: Francisco de Ficoroni was the original owner. The artist was Novios Plautios
When: ca. 400-375 BCE.
Why: Reflects Rome's growing power in central Italy. Given as gifts to the living and the dead.

Who: Married couple
What: Tomb of the Triclinium 6-10A pg. 170
Who: Etruscan Painters
When: ca. 480-470 BCE
Where:The Monterozzi necropolis Tarquinia, Italy
How: Fresca mural of a banquet outside the painter was more interested in the landscape in this tomb.


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